Files, Paths, and Directories

• Path Strings
  • Absolute and Relative Paths
  • Cross-Platform Path Separators
  • Finding the Current Directory
• Reading Files
  • Opening and Reading Line by Line
  • Reading the Entire File at Once
  • Example: Summing a File of Numbers
  • Checking Whether a File Exists
• Writing Files
  • Write Mode
  • Append Mode
  • Example: Copy a File to Upper Case
  • Writing Formatted Data
• Working with pathlib
  • Creating Path Objects
  • Path Attributes
  • Checking Existence
  • Listing Directory Contents
  • Reading and Writing via Path
• Chapter Review Questions